Top 20 Key Players companies in Proline by Most Literature Citation in the world in 2021 – Discovery

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The Proline top 20 is Discovery PatSnap’ annual ranking of the top 20 Most Literature Citation Proline Key Players in the world. Discovery has identified the top key players, startups & unicorns, fast-growings, news entrants in 2021, ranking from differnt perspectives, including patent filing intensity, academic research capability, news media heat. The company list is generated from various data types.

Proline (symbol Pro or P) is a proteinogenic amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated NH₂⁺ form under biological conditions), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated −COO⁻ form under biological conditions), and a side chain pyrrolidine, classifying it as a nonpolar (at physiological pH), aliphatic amino acid. It is non-essential in humans, meaning the body can synthesize it from the non-essential amino acid L-glutamate. It is encoded by all the codons starting CC (CCU, CCC, CCA, and CCG).

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1	Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften eV	Bayern, Germany	Basic research,Publishing,Market research, ...[+2]	Literature citation: 2,491
2	Institut National de Recherche Agronomique SA	Île-de-France, France	Agricultural science,Microbiome,Search engine, ...[+1]	Literature citation: 1,093
3	U.S. Department of Agriculture	District of Columbia, United States	Agriculture,Food industry,Farming industry, ...[+2]	Literature citation: 895
4	Umeå University	Vasterbottens Lan, Sweden	Microbiome,Biopharmaceutical	Literature citation: 280
5	U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs	District of Columbia, United States	Health care,National security,Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, ...[+2]	Literature citation: 262
6	Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology	Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany	Neuroscience	Literature citation: 255
7	Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation	Victoria, Australia	Market research,Phosphatase,Kinase, ...[+2]	Literature citation: 237
8	Eli Lilly & Co.	Indiana, United States	Medicine,Health care,Humalog Mix, ...[+2]	Literature citation: 224
9	Pensionskasse der F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG	Switzerland	Pension,Asset management,Polymerase chain reaction, ...[+2]	Literature citation: 181
10	National Botanical Research Institute	IN		Literature citation: 179
11	The National Research Council	District of Columbia, United States	Public opinion,Health care,Chemistry, ...[+2]	Literature citation: 177
12	Pfizer Inc.	New York, United States	Health care,Clinical trial,Drug, ...[+2]	Literature citation: 171
13	The Carlsberg Laboratory	Denmark	Brewing	Literature citation: 153
14	Pasteur Institute	Île-de-France, France	Multitude,Public health,Genome, ...[+2]	Literature citation: 138
15	Slovak Academy of Sciences	BL, SK	Basic research	Literature citation: 134
16	Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute	Japan	Basic law	Literature citation: 124
17	Howard Hughes Medical Institute	United States	Science education,Medical equipment,Health care, ...[+2]	Literature citation: 118
18	SRA International, Inc.	Virginia, United States	Information technology consulting,Identity management,Data analysis, ...[+2]	Literature citation: 94
19	Merck & Co., Inc.	New Jersey, United States	Health care,Biopharmaceutical,Drug, ...[+2]	Literature citation: 87
20	MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology	Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom	Molecular biology,Macromolecule,Monoclonal antibody, ...[+1]	Literature citation: 82