Cholinergic agents are compounds which mimic the action of acetylcholine and/or butyrylcholine. In general, the word choline refers to the various quaternary ammonium salts containing the N,N,N-trimethylethanolammonium cation. Found in most animal tissues, choline is a primary component of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and functions with inositol as a basic constituent of lecithin. Choline also prevents fat deposits in the liver and facilitates the movement of fats into cells. The richest nutritional sources of choline are liver, kidney, brain, wheat germ, brewer's yeast, and egg yolk. Neurologically, cholinergic is the abbreviated term referring to choline (the suffix -ergic means stimulating). The parasympathetic nervous system, which uses acetylcholine almost exclusively to send its messages, is said to be almost entirely cholinergic. Neuromuscular junctions, preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system, the basal forebrain, and brain stem complexes are also cholinergic. In addition, the receptor for the merocrine sweat glands are also cholinergic, since acetylcholine is released from postganglionic sympathetic neurons.
Chiesi Farmaceutici SpA develops and markets pharmaceutical products. The firm specializes in research, development and production of drugs in respiratory dosage forms, such as metered-dose inhalers and sterile unit dose vials. The company was founded by Giacomo Chiesi in 1935 and is headquartered in Parma, Italy.
Inhaler
Neonatology
Medicine
Bronchodilator
Dosage form
Metered-dose inhaler
Inflammation
Focus area
Dry-powder inhaler
Clinical trial
Cell therapy
Drug
Genomics
Nebulizer
Medical ventilator
Oxygen concentrator
Biotechnology
Biomedicine
Tissue engineering
Gene delivery
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH
http://www.boehringer-ingelheim.de
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Proton-pump inhibitor
Antacid
Bevacizumab
Gastrointestinal agent
Besilesomab
ThioTEPA
Erlotinib
Cabazitaxel
Docetaxel
Immunotherapy
Oncology drugs
Bodor Laboratories, Inc.
http://bodorlaboratories.com
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Bodor Laboratories specializes in the research and development of therapeutics in ophthalmology, respiratory, and dermatology.
NTG Nordic Transport Group A/S
NTG Nordic Transport Group A/S is an international forwarding and logistics provider for road freight, sea freight, air freight and contract logistics. It operates through two segments: Road & Logistics and Air & Ocean. The Road & Logistics segment provides transport and warehousing solutions with a geographical focus on Europe. The Air & Ocean segment provides international air and ocean freight services, including project transports. The company was founded by Jørgen Buus Lassen in 1989 and is headquartered in Hvidovre, Denmark.
Medicine
Ion channel
Central nervous system
Biopharmaceutical
Biomedicine
Paroxetine
Vortioxetine
Biotechnology
Antidepressant
Escitalopram
Sertraline
Biomedical engineering
Contract research organization
Drug discovery
Clinical trial
ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
http://www.acadia-pharm.com
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Acadia Pharmaceuticals Inc. is a biopharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of small molecule drugs for the treatment of central nervous system disorders. The Company maintains two wholly owned subsidiaries: Acadia Pharmaceuticals AB based in Malmo, Sweden and Acadia Pharmaceuticals A/S based in Denmark. The Company is developing a portfolio consisting of four product candidates, including the compound, pimavanserin, which it is developing for three separate neurological and psychiatric indications in collaboration with Biovail Laboratories International SRL (Biovail), a subsidiary of Biovail Corp. The indications are Parkinson's disease psychosis, which is in Phase III development, adjunctive therapy in schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease psychosis, for which it is initiating a Phase II feasibility study.
Medicine
Psychosis
Alzheimer's disease
Central nervous system
Small molecule
Safinamide
Drug
Drug discovery
Quetiapine
Drug development
Antidepressant
Parkinson's disease
Allergy drugs
Levodopa
Clinical trial
Biopharmaceutical
Antipsychotic
Lebrikizumab
Allergan, Inc.
https://thespotlyte.com/index.html
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Allergan, Inc. operated as a global healthcare company. It engaged in the development and commercialization of specialty pharmaceutical, medical device ,and over-the-counter products for the ophthalmic, neurological, medical aesthetics, medical dermatology, breast aesthetics, obesity intervention, urological, and other specialty markets. The company was founded by Gavin S. Herbert in 1950 and headquartered in Irvine, CA.
Over-the-counter
Dermatology
Botanical drug
Herb
Medical equipment
Dental Equipment
Chase Pharmaceuticals Corp.
http://www.chasepharmaceuticals.com
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Chase Pharmaceuticals (CPC) is engaged in the identification and clinical development of medically improved, commercially promising, treatments for central nervous system (CNS) disease. The Company was incorporated in 2007 to link emerging technical opportunities in the basic neurosciences to the expanding medical needs of those with neuropsychiatric disease. Operations thus focus on selecting product candidates to license-in, adding value by advancing towards global registration, and licensing-out to commercial partners. There success reflects an exceptional ability to select promising drug candidates, intimate knowledge of the development process as well as our ability to devise the most efficient path to regulatory approval.
Since inception, CPC has sought to develop novel compounds that could improve the treatment of AD and related neurodegenerative disorders. Alzheimer’s disease constitutes the largest unmet medical need in neuropsychiatry. No emerging therapies have clearly demonstrated the potential to fulfill this medical need. Symptoms include an increasing loss of memory and other cognitive functions later combined with a variety of neuropsychiatric and behavioral disturbances. Progression is relentless, typically leading to death within 10 to 15 years. AD is now recognized as the third leading killer in the U.S. It is estimated that the 37 million afflicted worldwide cost society over $600 billion annually. As the population ages, this burden will rapidly climb to unsustainable levels. Although US sales of Alzheimer’s disease medications last year topped $4.7 billion, none of the current treatments improve symptoms more than marginally. Moreover, tolerability is poor, dose titration prolonged, and dropout rates high.
Chase founders have invented and patented a unique combination of proven, currently marketed pharmaceuticals that we believe will benefit the symptomatic treatment of AD.
Transdermal patch
Medicine
Alzheimer's disease
Central nervous system
Clinical trial
Neuropsychiatry
Tolerability
Titration
Neuroscience
Drug
Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH
http://www.boehringer-ingelheim.com
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Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH manufactures pharmaceutical prodcuts. It offers human and animal health products. The company was founded by Albert Boehringer in 1885 and is headquartered in Ingelheim, Germany.
Medicine
Bronchodilator
Inhaler
Metered-dose inhaler
Dry-powder inhaler
Nebulizer
Zoonosis
Medical ventilator
Oxygen concentrator
Cardiovascular agent
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Animal welfare
Stroke
Enzyme
Cardiology
Kinase
Biosimilar
Drug discovery
Beta blocker
Active ingredient
Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd (武田薬品工業株式会社 Takeda Yakuhin Kōgyō Kabushiki-gaisha) is the largest pharmaceutical company in Asia and one of the top 20 largest pharmaceutical companies in the world by revenue (top 10 following merger with Shire). The company has over 30,000 employees worldwide and achieved 16.2 billion USD in revenue during the 2012 fiscal year. The company is focused on metabolic disorders, gastroenterology, neurology, inflammation, as well as oncology through its independent subsidiary, Takeda Oncology. Its headquarters is located in Chuo-ku, Osaka, and it has an office in Nihonbashi, Chuo, Tokyo. In January 2012, Fortune Magazine ranked the Takeda Oncology Company as one of the 100 best companies to work for in the United States.
Cellix Bio Pvt Ltd.
http://www.cellixbio.com
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Cellix Bio Pvt Ltd. is a biopharmaceutical company, which engages in the development and discovery of novel drugs. It specializes in the treatment of neurology, dermatology, gastrointestinal, inflammation, metabolic and life style, oncology, ophthalmology, and infectious diseases. The company was founded by Mahesh Kandula on May 21, 2014 and is headquartered in Hyderabad, India.
Drug
Medical research
Drug development
Antidepressant
Therapeutic index
Drug discovery
Bioavailability
Familial adenomatous polyposis
Clinical trial
Amphotericin B
Mood stabilizer
Paroxetine
Vortioxetine
Antifungal drug
Apomorphine
Safinamide
Escitalopram
Sertraline
Levodopa
MEDA Pharma GmbH & Co. KG
http://www.medapharma.de
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MEDA Pharma is a company that provides healthcare services to people of high quality with safety. A medium-sized pharmaceutical company, Madaus GmbH belongs to the worldwide operating Meda Group. They manufacture pharmaceuticals as well as scientifically based health products such as medical devices, cosmetics, and dietary supplements. Its mission was to set new standards for health care, give 7 billion people access to high-quality medicine, and carry out research to address unmet healthcare needs.
Medicine
Anticonvulsant
Gabapentin
Pregabalin
Therapeutic Area
Allergy
Pharmaceutical drug
Neurology
Gynecology
Dermatology
Cardiology
Targacept, Inc.
http://www.targacept.com
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Targacept, Inc. is a biopharmaceutical company, which is engaged in the design, discovery and development of a new class of drugs to treat multiple diseases and disorders of the nervous system by selectively targeting Neuronal Nicotinic Receptors, or NNRs. NNRs are found on nerve cells throughout the human nervous system and serve as key regulators of nervous system activity. Targacept was founded by J. Donald deBethizy, Merouane Bencherif, William S. Caldwell and Patrick M. Lippiello on March 7, 1997 and is headquartered in Winston-Salem, NC.
Pharmacy
Nervous system
Botanical drug
Herb
Receptor
Biopharmaceutical
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
Drug
Hoechst Marion Roussel, Inc.
http://www.sanori-aventus.com
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Hoechst Marion Roussel discovers, develops, manufactures, and sells proprietary and generic pharmaceutical products.
Medical equipment
Liposome
Microbiome
Bioavailability
Dosage form
Biopharmaceutical
Novartis AG is a holding company, which engages in the development, manufacture, and marketing of healthcare products. It operates through the following segments: Innovative Medicines, Sandoz, and Corporate. The Innovative Medicines segment researches, develops, manufactures, distributes and sells patented pharmaceuticals, and is composed of two business units: Novartis Oncology and Novartis Pharmaceuticals. The Sandoz segment develops, manufactures and markets finished dosage form medicines as well as intermediary products, including active pharmaceutical ingredients. The Corporate segment refers to group management and central services. The company was founded on February 29, 1996 and is headquartered in Basel, Switzerland.
Dosage form
Medicine
Clinical trial
Oncology
Oncology drugs
Cardiovascular agent
Monoclonal antibody
Immunotherapy
Inhaler
Adalimumab
Genomics
Bronchodilator
Rituximab
Biopharmaceutical
Dry-powder inhaler
Metered-dose inhaler
Optometry
Gastrointestinal agent
Bevacizumab
Eisai R&D Management Co., Ltd.
Eisai R&D Management Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Eisai Co., Ltd., is a company headquartered in Bunkyo, Japan. The firm engages in research and development of pharmaceuticals.
Biotechnology
Agriculture
Fishery
Nanotechnology
Pharmacy
Biology
Botany
Chemistry
Medicine
Oceanography
Genaissance Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
https://www.genaissance.com
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Genaissance Pharmaceuticals, Inc. develops and uses genetic information to diagnostic and therapeutic products. The company was founded by Kevin L. Rakin and Gualberto Ruano in 1992 and is headquartered in New Haven, CT.
Hoechst-Roussel Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
http://www.astrazeneca.com.cn
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AstraZeneca has always believed in science, inspires infinite possibilities, and puts science at the top of all work. AstraZeneca's strategically important core treatment areas, and are committed to exploring pathogenic mechanisms, treatment methods, and innovative drugs, so that science can change people's lives and bring it to the medical industry Significant changes.
Boehringer Ingelheim KG
http://www.boehringer-ingelheim.de
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Boehringer Ingelheim KG, part of C.H. Boehringer Sohn AG & Co. KG, is a company headquartered in Biberach, Germany. The firm wholesales pharmaceutical products. It was founded in 1981.
Merz Pharma GmbH & Co. KGaA
Merz Pharma GmbH & Co. KGaA is an innovative and international healthcare company with its own research and development department. It focuses on drugs for the treatment of illness in the fields of neurology and psychiatry. The company is bundling the activities of its subsidiaries Merz Pharmaceuticals, Merz Consumer Care, Merz Dental, and Merz Hygiene, with products ranging from prescription drugs and OTC products for health and wellness, materials for dentists and dental technicians to hygienic products for medical disinfection and cleaning.\nThe units of Merz Group Services, the fith Merz subsidiary, include Human Resources, Supply Chain/Purchasing, Information Technology (IT), Technical Operations and Finances/Controlling.
Psychiatry
Neurology
Breast implant
Plastic surgery
Clinical trial
Dental technician
Dermal Fillers
Prescription drug
Botulinum toxin
Hygiene
Purchasing
Dermatology
Drug
Body contouring
Laparoscopy
Chemical peel
Reconstructive surgery
Cosmeceutical
Cellulite
Cosmetics
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