Etiology (/iːtiˈɒlədʒi/; alternatively aetiology or ætiology) is the study of causation, or origination. The word is derived from the Greek αἰτιολογία, aitiología, "giving a reason for" (αἰτία, aitía, "cause"; and -λογία, -logía). More completely, etiology is the study of the causes, origins, or reasons behind the way that things are, or the way they function, or it can refer to the causes themselves. The word is commonly used in medicine, (where it is a branch of medicine studying causes of disease) and in philosophy, but also in physics, psychology, government, geography, spatial analysis, theology, and biology, in reference to the causes or origins of various phenomena.
Bausch & Lomb is a Canadian eye health products company based in Laval, Quebec, Canada. It is one of the world's largest suppliers of contact lenses, lens care products, pharmaceuticals, intraocular lenses, and other eye surgery products. The company was founded in Rochester, New York in 1853 by optician John Bausch and cabinet maker turned financial backer Henry Lomb. Until its sale in 2013, Bausch & Lomb was one of the oldest continually operating companies in the US.
Medicine
Medical equipment
Drug
Glaucoma
Optometry
Cataract surgery
Retinopathy
Macular degeneration
Intraocular lens
Refractive error
Refractive surgery
Slit lamp
Eye disease
Astigmatism
Cornea
Eye surgery
Ophthalmology
Blindness
Fundus camera
Eye disorder
Aldeyra Therapeutics, Inc.
Aldeyra Therapeutics is a biotechnology company devoted to developing and commercializing next-generation medicines to improve the lives of patients with immune-mediated diseases. Aldeyra's lead investigational drug product candidates are first-in-class potential treatments in development for dry eye disease, allergic conjunctivitis, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, and Sjögren-Larsson Syndrome. The company is also developing other product candidates for retinal and systemic inflammatory diseases.
Allergic conjunctivitis
Software development
Pharmacy and Therapeutics
Biotechnology
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy
Eye disease
Biomedicine
Muscle relaxant
Biophysics
Clinical trial
Biochemistry
Botulinum toxin
Drug discovery
Exosome
Acetylcholine
Carisoprodol
Allergy drugs
Orphan drug
Jinan Bangwen Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd.
Jinan Bangwen Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., established on 2015-02-15, Business scope includes medical technology development;Chinese medicine products,Healthy food,Technology development of washing products,Technical Consulting and Technical Services;translation service;office services(Does not include engraved seal);data processing.(Items subject to approval by law,Business activities can only be carried out after approval by relevant departments)
Proyecto de Biomedicina CIMA SL
Proyecto de Biomedicina CIMA SL is a holding company engaged in the provision of product licensing and intellectual property rights management services. It holds patents generated by the Centro de Investigacion Medica Aplicada, which have indications across the clinical fields of oncology, hepatology, dermatology, and gene therapy. The company was founded in June 2003 and is headquartered in Pamplona, Spain.
Hepatology
Dermatology
Oncology
Intellectual property
U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs
The United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is a federal Cabinet-level agency that provides near-comprehensive healthcare services to eligible military veterans at VA medical centers and outpatient clinics located throughout the country; several non-healthcare benefits including disability compensation, vocational rehabilitation, education assistance, home loans, and life insurance; and provides burial and memorial benefits to eligible veterans and family members at 135 national cemeteries.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
Wearable technology
Novartis AG is a holding company, which engages in the development, manufacture, and marketing of healthcare products. It operates through the following segments: Innovative Medicines, Sandoz, and Corporate. The Innovative Medicines segment researches, develops, manufactures, distributes and sells patented pharmaceuticals, and is composed of two business units: Novartis Oncology and Novartis Pharmaceuticals. The Sandoz segment develops, manufactures and markets finished dosage form medicines as well as intermediary products, including active pharmaceutical ingredients. The Corporate segment refers to group management and central services. The company was founded on February 29, 1996 and is headquartered in Basel, Switzerland.
Dosage form
Medicine
Clinical trial
Oncology
Oncology drugs
Cardiovascular agent
Monoclonal antibody
Immunotherapy
Inhaler
Adalimumab
Genomics
Bronchodilator
Rituximab
Biopharmaceutical
Dry-powder inhaler
Metered-dose inhaler
Optometry
Gastrointestinal agent
Bevacizumab
Abbott Laboratories engages in the discovery, development, manufacture, and sale of a broad and diversified line of health care products. It operates through the following business segments: Established Pharmaceutical Products, Diagnostic Products, Nutritional Products, and Medical Devices. The Established Pharmaceutical Products segment refers to the international sales of a line of branded generic pharmaceutical products. The Diagnostic Products segment markets diagnostic systems and tests for blood banks, hospitals, commercial laboratories, and alternate-care testing sites. The Nutritional Products segment caters to the worldwide sales of adult and pediatric nutritional products. The Medical Devices segment includes electrophysiology, heart failure, vascular and structural heart devices for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes care products for people with diabetes, as well as neuromodulation devices for the management of chronic pain and movement disorders. The company was founded by Wallace Calvin Abbott in 1888 and is headquartered in Abbott Park, IL.
Medical equipment
Emergency medicine
Medicine
Spondylitis
Psoriatic arthritis
Medical test
Hepatitis
Blood coagulation test
Thrombin time
Diagnostic instrument
Metabolic disorder
Coronavirus
Rheumatoid arthritis
D-dimer
Tumor marker
Prothrombin time
Heart failure
Hormone
Phoenix Biotechnology, Inc.
http://www.phoenixbiotechnology.com
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Phoenix Biotechnology engages in the research and development of therapeutic agents and treatment regimens for cancer. Its products enable physicians to deal with cancer as a chronic condition rather than an acute condition. The company was incorporated in 2003 and is based in San Antonio, Texas.
Regimen
Medical equipment
Drug development
Drug discovery
Infection drug
Biotechnology
Chronic condition
Fever drug
Lipopharma Therapeutics SL
http://www.lipopharma.com
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Lipopharma is a pioneering clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company that focuses its activities on the discovery, rational design and clinical development of a new generation of medicines that act through the selective regulation of membrane lipids, a novel therapeutic strategy known as “Membrane Lipid Therapy” (MLT).
Lipopharma arose as an academic spin-off, founded to turn new scientific breakthroughs and discoveries made by scientists at the Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS - part of the University of the Balearic Islands in Mallorca, Spain) into a new class of innovative lipid regulator therapeutic agents that they believe have dramatic game-changing potential in the treatment of life-threatening conditions like cancer, CNS, inflammatory or metabolic diseases
Alzheimer's disease
Biology
Medicine
Pharmacy and Therapeutics
Drug development
Drug discovery
Membrane lipids
Rational design
Therapeutic strategy
Balearic islands
Biopharmaceutical
Part of Jazz Pharmaceuticals Plc, GW Research Ltd. is a company headquartered in Cambridge, UK. The firm engages in researching and developing biotechnology. It was founded in 1995.
TechLab, Inc. develops, manufactures, and distributes rapid non-invasive intestinal diagnostics. It focuses on enteric disease and microbiology of the intestinal tract, and scope of study includes markers of intestinal inflammation, the toxins of Clostridium difficile, amebiasis, and vaccine development. It offers diagnostic tests for colitis, parasitology, intestinal inflammation, and Shiga toxins of enterohemorrhagic E. coli. The company was founded by Tracy Wilkins in 1989 and is headquartered in Blacksburg, VA.
Medical equipment
Medicine
Inflammation
Glucose tolerance test
Tropical disease
Shiga toxin
Blood coagulation test
Fertility test
Malaria
Colitis
Clostridium
Parasitology
Fertility
Toxin
Microbiology
Diagnostic test
Hospital-acquired infection
Istituto di Ricerche di Biologia Molecolare P. Angeletti SpA
Eos Neuroscience, Inc.
http://www.eosneuroscience.com
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Eos Neuroscience, Inc. is a private company headquartered in San Francisco, CA. The firm provides neurological treatment services.
Neuroscience
Optogenetics
Association (object-oriented programming)
Avionics
Genomics
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
Institut National de la Sant? et de la Recherche M?dicale provides medical services. The firm specializes in biomedical research and public health research. The company is headquartered in Paris, Cedex, France.
Public health
Genomics
Antisense therapy
Epigenomics
Epigenetics
RNA interference
Messenger RNA
microRNA
Precision medicine
Genomic medicine
RNA
Genome
Cell signaling
SciClone Pharmaceuticals LLC
SciClone Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (SciClone ) is a global specialty pharmaceutical company. It has a product portfolio of therapies for cancer and infectious diseases. SciClone has in-licensed two products that are part of this international commercial growth strategy, DC Bead and ondansetron RapidFilm. Its DC Bead product candidate is a treatment for liver cancer, which is approved in 40 countries worldwide, including Europe and the United States. Ondansetron RapidFilm is an oral thin film formulation of ondansetron used to treat and prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. SCV-07 is being developed for the delay of onset of severe oral mucositis in patients receiving chemoradiation therapy for the treatment of cancers of the head and neck and for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV). Thymalfasin is being developed in an ongoing clinical trial for improvement of Influenza A (H1N1) vaccination.
Liver cancer
Medicine
Hepatitis B
Oncology
Gastrointestinal cancer
Cardiovascular Disorder
Colorectal cancer
Lung cancer
Hepatitis C
Breast cancer
Immune system
Cancer
Orphan drug
Cardiovascular agent
Drug development
Drug discovery
AEON Medix, Inc.
http://www.aeonmedix.com
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National Cancer Center Korea
National Cancer Center Korea is a South Korean company located in Goyang-si and ultimately controlled by the Government of South Korea. The firm provides clinical and medical research services.
Medical research
Epigenomics
Epigenetics
Genomic medicine
Genome
Genomics
Quark Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
http://www.quarkpharma.com
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Founded in 1994, Quark devoted its early years to developing its innovative technology platform for identification of novel functional target genes and proteins, the âBiFARâ technology. The basic concept, patented by Quark, of high throughput gene inactivation combined with microarray detection of the functional genes responsible for the occurrence of phenotypes of interest, was at that time revolutionary. With the advent of siRNA technology, Quark's approach is rapidly becoming the technology of choice for functional studies industry-wide. We have applied our BiFAR platform in gene discovery programs in serious diseases with significant unmet medical needs, often in collaboration with large pharmaceutical partners. Today we are harvesting the fruits of the innovative targets and concepts we identified.
Gene
Clinical trial
RNA interference
Medicine
Genomics
RNA
RNAi-Based Therapeutics
Functional studies
Phenotype
microRNA
Throughput
Drug discovery
Messenger RNA
Optic neuropathy
Personalized medicine
Drug development
Genome
Acute kidney injury
Biopharmaceutical
Pfizer Inc. (NYSE: PFE, /ˈfaɪzər/) is an American multinational pharmaceutical corporation headquartered in New York City was founded in 1849, based in New York City and was listed on New York Stock Exchange. It is one of the world's largest pharmaceutical companies. It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, and its shares have been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average since 2004. Pfizer ranked No. 57 on the 2018 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue.
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