Novartis AG is a holding company, which engages in the development, manufacture, and marketing of healthcare products. It operates through the following segments: Innovative Medicines, Sandoz, and Corporate. The Innovative Medicines segment researches, develops, manufactures, distributes and sells patented pharmaceuticals, and is composed of two business units: Novartis Oncology and Novartis Pharmaceuticals. The Sandoz segment develops, manufactures and markets finished dosage form medicines as well as intermediary products, including active pharmaceutical ingredients. The Corporate segment refers to group management and central services. The company was founded on February 29, 1996 and is headquartered in Basel, Switzerland.

Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is a global biotechnology company, which engages in the business of discovering, developing, manufacturing, and commercializing small molecule drugs for patients with serious diseases. The firm focuses on development and commercializing therapies for the treatment of cystic fibrosis, infectious diseases including viral infections such as influenza and bacterial infections, autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, inflammatory bowel disease and neurological disorders including pain and multiple sclerosis. The company was founded by Joshua S. Boger in 1989 and is headquartered in Boston, MA.

Array BioPharma, Inc. is a biopharmaceutical company. Its focus is on the discovery, development and commercialization of targeted small molecule drugs to treat patients afflicted with cancer and other high-burden diseases. The company's products are BRAFTOVI and MEKTOVI. Its portfolio includes Binimetinib, Selumetinib, Encorafenib, Filanesib, Ipatasertib, Varltinib, Danoprevir, ARRY-797, Larotrectinib, Tucatinib, ARRY-382, Motolimod, Prexasertib, GDC-0575, LOXO-292, LOXO-195, and AK-1830. The company was founded by Kevin Koch, Anthony D. Piscopio, K. C. Nicolaou, and David L. Snitman in 1998 and is headquartered in Boulder, CO.

F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. manufactures pharmaceutical products. It offers pharmaceutical drugs, pharmaceutical instruments, and diagnostics solutions. The company was founded by Fritz Hoffmann-La Roche on October 1, 1896 and is headquartered in Basel, Switzerland.

Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, through its subsidiaries, engages in the discovery, development, licensing, manufacturing, marketing, distribution, and sale of pharmaceuticals and nutritional products. The company operates in two segments, Pharmaceuticals, and Nutritionals. The Nutritionals segment is operated through the company's subsidiary Mead Johnson Nutrition Company (Mead Johnson). The Pharmaceuticals segment is made up of the global pharmaceutical and international consumer medicines business.

Scientic, Inc. provides systems engineering services. The firm specializes in scientific, engineering radiation survivability, test, prototyping and production. The company was founded in 2008 and is headquartered in Huntsville, AL.

Merck & Co., Inc. is a health care company, which engages in the provision of health solutions through its prescription medicines, vaccines, biologic therapies, animal health, and consumer care products. It operates through the following segments: Pharmaceutical, Animal Health, and Other. The Pharmaceutical segment includes human health pharmaceutical and vaccine products. The Animal Health segment discovers, develops, manufactures, and markets animal health products, such as pharmaceutical and vaccine products, for the prevention, treatment and control of disease in livestock, and companion animal species. The Other segment consists of sales for the non-reportable segments of healthcare services. The company was founded in 1891 and is headquartered in Kenilworth, NJ.

Pharmacyclics Inc. is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on discovering and developing innovative small-molecule drugs for the treatment of cancer and immune mediated diseases.

AstraZeneca has always believed in science, inspires infinite possibilities, and puts science at the top of all work. AstraZeneca's strategically important core treatment areas, and are committed to exploring pathogenic mechanisms, treatment methods, and innovative drugs, so that science can change people's lives and bring it to the medical industry Significant changes.

Merck (d.b.a. EMD Millipore in the U.S. and Canada) is a German chemical and pharmaceutical company. Merck, also known as “German Merck” and “Merck Darmstadt”, was founded in Darmstadt, Germany, in 1668, making it the world's oldest operating chemical and pharmaceutical company. The company was privately owned until going public in 1995. However, the Merck family still controls a majority (≈70%) of the company's shares. Following World War I, Merck lost possession of its foreign sites, including the Merck & Co. subsidiary in the United States. Merck & Co., which operates as Merck Sharp and Dohme (MSD) outside the U.S. and Canada, is now an independent company. Merck KGaA operates mainly in Europe, Africa, Asia, Oceania and Latin America. Since Merck & Co. holds the rights to the Merck name in the U.S. and Canada, the company operated under the umbrella brand EMD Chemicals in North America, and since 2010 as EMD Millipore (after the acquisition of Millipore Corporation), formed from the initials of Emanuel Merck, Darmstadt. Founded in 1668 in Darmstadt, Merck KGaA of Darmstadt, Germany, is the world's oldest pharmaceutical and chemical company. The success of the export business to the United States led in 1887 to the establishment of an office in New York, which gave rise to their subsidiary [Merck & Co.](http://www.crunchbase.com/organization/merck-co-inc) four years later. Owing to World War I, Merck & Co. was expropriated in 1917. The two companies have been separate every since. Merck KGaA Subsidiaries: - [Merck Consumer Healthcare](http://www.crunchbase.com/organization/merck-consumer-healthcare) - [Merck Performance Materials](http://www.crunchbase.com/organization/merck-performance-materials)

Janssen Pharmaceutica is a pharmaceutical company headquartered in Beerse, Belgium and owned by Johnson & Johnson. It was founded in 1953 by Paul Janssen. In 1961, Janssen Pharmaceutica was purchased by New Jersey-based American corporation Johnson & Johnson, and became part of Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development (J&J PRD), now renamed to Janssen Research and Development (JRD), which conducts research and development activities related to a wide range of human medical disorders, including mental illness, neurological disorders, anaesthesia and analgesia, gastrointestinal disorders, fungal infection, HIV/AIDS, allergies and cancer. Janssen and Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical have been placed in the Ortho-McNeil-Janssen group within Johnson & Johnson Company.

Signal Pharmaceuticals is a biopharmaceutical company that was founded by David Anderson (Senior VP & Head of Research), Alan Lewis (CEO), Mark Carmen, and Jackie Johnson and is based in California. It was acquired by Celgene in 2009

Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. engages in the research, development, manufacture, and sale of drugs. It specializes in antineoplastic agents, surgical anesthesia drugs, features infusion, contrast agents, and cardiovascular drugs. The firm’s products include tablets, oral solution, and suspension of antineoplastic drugs and narcotic drugs; psychotropic substances; soft capsules; freeze-dried powder injection; powder injection; high-volume injection, including multi-layer co-extruded infusion bag, with anti-tumor drugs; small volume injections, including antineoplastic drugs, psychotropic drugs, and non-final sterilization; biological engineering products such as polyethylene glycol recombinant human granulocyte stimulating factor injection; hard capsules; granules; powder; and film and gel. The company was founded in 1970 and is headquartered in Lianyungang, China.

Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. engages in the research, development, and distribution of vaccines, prescription drugs, and animal health products. The company is headquartered in Whitehouse Station, NJ.

Sugen is a biotechnology company that specializes in target-driven drug discovery and development for novel development-stage cancer therapies. It develops new therapeutic approaches to various diseases through its development of small molecule inhibitors that regulate particular signaling pathways. Sugen owns three anti-cancer drugs in clinical development, including novel cytostatic agents and angiogenesis inhibitors. In addition to its current focus in oncology, Sugen is applying its technology platform to identify and validate novel targets for a range of potential clinical applications.

Pfizer Inc. (NYSE: PFE, /ˈfaɪzər/) is an American multinational pharmaceutical corporation headquartered in New York City was founded in 1849, based in New York City and was listed on New York Stock Exchange. It is one of the world's largest pharmaceutical companies. It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, and its shares have been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average since 2004. Pfizer ranked No. 57 on the 2018 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue.

The Board of Regents of The University of Texas System, a subsidiary of The University of Texas at Austin, is an American company located in Austin, TX. The firm oversees college activities.

Genentech is a biotechnology company that discovers, develops, manufactures, and commercializes medicines to treat patients with serious or life-threatening medical conditions. It creates multiple products on the market and a development pipeline. The company became a member of the Roche Group in 2009. As part of their merger agreement, Roche and Genentech combined their pharmaceutical operations in the United States. Genentech’s South San Francisco campus now serves as the headquarters for Roche pharmaceutical operations in the United States. Genentech’s Research and Early Development section operates as an independent center within Roche. Genentech was founded in 1976 by [Robert Swanson](https://www.crunchbase.com/person/robert-a-swanson) and [Herbert Boyer](https://www.crunchbase.com/person/herbert-w-boyer). It is headquartered in South San Francisco, C.A.

Principia Biopharma, Inc. is a biopharmaceutical company, which engages in designing and developing oral therapies to patients with significant unmet medical needs in immunology and oncology. It operates through Tailored Covalency platform, which enables to develop small molecule inhibitors of enzymes and receptor ligands with potencies and selectivities that rival those of injectable biologics, yet maintain the convenience of a pill. Its product pipeline includes PRN1008, PRN2246, PRN1371, and immunoproteasome inhibitor. The company was founded by Jack Taunton and Richard A. Miller on October 6, 2008 and is headquartered in South San Francisco, CA.