Merck (d.b.a. EMD Millipore in the U.S. and Canada) is a German chemical and pharmaceutical company. Merck, also known as “German Merck” and “Merck Darmstadt”, was founded in Darmstadt, Germany, in 1668, making it the world's oldest operating chemical and pharmaceutical company. The company was privately owned until going public in 1995. However, the Merck family still controls a majority (≈70%) of the company's shares. Following World War I, Merck lost possession of its foreign sites, including the Merck & Co. subsidiary in the United States. Merck & Co., which operates as Merck Sharp and Dohme (MSD) outside the U.S. and Canada, is now an independent company. Merck KGaA operates mainly in Europe, Africa, Asia, Oceania and Latin America. Since Merck & Co. holds the rights to the Merck name in the U.S. and Canada, the company operated under the umbrella brand EMD Chemicals in North America, and since 2010 as EMD Millipore (after the acquisition of Millipore Corporation), formed from the initials of Emanuel Merck, Darmstadt. Founded in 1668 in Darmstadt, Merck KGaA of Darmstadt, Germany, is the world's oldest pharmaceutical and chemical company. The success of the export business to the United States led in 1887 to the establishment of an office in New York, which gave rise to their subsidiary [Merck & Co.](http://www.crunchbase.com/organization/merck-co-inc) four years later. Owing to World War I, Merck & Co. was expropriated in 1917. The two companies have been separate every since. Merck KGaA Subsidiaries: - [Merck Consumer Healthcare](http://www.crunchbase.com/organization/merck-consumer-healthcare) - [Merck Performance Materials](http://www.crunchbase.com/organization/merck-performance-materials)

Develops biomedical products from mammali

Nycomed is a privately owned global pharmaceutical company with a diversified portfolio focused on branded medicines in gastroenterology, respiratory and inflammatory diseases, pain, osteoporosis and tissue management. A range of OTC products completes the portfolio. Its R&D is structured around collaborations. In-licensing and expanding in emerging markets are cornerstones of the company's growth strategy. Nycomed employs 12,500 associates worldwide, and its products are sold in more than 100 countries. It has strong platforms in Europe and in fast-growing markets such as Russia/CIS, Latin America, Asia and the Middle East. In the US and Japan its products are available through best in class partners. Headquartered in Zurich, Switzerland, the company generated total sales of € 3.2 billion in 2010 and an adjusted EBITDA of € 851 million.

SEWON E&C Co., Ltd. engages in the manufacture and sale of chemical plant equipment and machinery. It operates through the following businesses: Process Equipment, Power Limb and Regenerative Medical System. The Process Equipment business provides drums, reactors, heat exchangers, columns, and air cooled heat exchangers. The Power Limb business manufactures pump, valve, unit, cylinder, and others. The Regenerative Medical System division offers cell therapy, bio collage, and Regenerative Medical platform. The company was founded in 1971 and is headquartered in Changwon-si, South Korea.

ZymoGenetics is focused on the discovery, development, and early manufacture of therapeutic proteins. ZymoGenetics is a fully-integrated research and development organization with a broad range of skills and technologies, including scientific computing, molecular and cellular biology, protein chemistry, antibody generation and engineering, clinical development and operations, regulatory affairs, quality, drug formulation, process development and protein manufacturing.

Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd. engages in the business of manufacture and distribution of pharmaceutical products. It also engages in the animal health business. The company was founded on October 9, 1916 and is headquartered in Tokyo, Japan.

Koken Co., Ltd. is a company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, that develops and manufactures silicone materials. It was founded in 1959 by Taichiro Akiyama.

Parfums Christian Dior SA engages in the manufacture and distribution of perfumes and cosmetics products. It offers colognes, lipsticks, and foundation. The company was founded by Christian Dior in 1947 and is headquartered in Paris, France.

Unilever NV engages in the production and marketing of consumer goods in the nutrition, hygiene, and personal care categories. It operates through the following segments: Beauty and Personal Care, Foods and Refreshment, and Home Care. The Beauty and Personal Care segment covers the sales of skin and hair care products, deodorants and oral care products. The Foods and Refreshment segment includes the sales of soups, bouillons, sauces, snacks, mayonnaise, salad dressings, margarines and spreads. The Home Care segment is in charge of the sales of home care products such as powders, liquids and capsules, soap bars, and a wide range of cleaning products. The company was founded on November 9, 1927 and is headquartered in Rotterdam, Netherlands.

Nippi, Inc. engages in the manufacture and sale of leather, gelatin, collagen, and health products. It operates through the following segments: Collagen & Casing, Gelatin, Cosmetics, Leather and Others. The Collagen & Casing segment manufactures and sells edible collagen and casing for sausages. The Gelatin segment imports, manufactures, and sells gelatin and collagen peptide for food, pharmaceutical, industrial and photographic use. The Cosmetics segment manufactures and sells cosmetics and health foods with collagen. The Leather segment engages in the manufacture and sale of leather for automotive and leather products. The Others segment provides the real estate leasing, life science products and functional polymer products. It also provides the chemical, linker and bovine spongiform encephalopathy testing kits. The company was founded on April 1, 1907 and is headquartered in Tokyo, Japan.

Merck & Co., Inc. is a health care company, which engages in the provision of health solutions through its prescription medicines, vaccines, biologic therapies, animal health, and consumer care products. It operates through the following segments: Pharmaceutical, Animal Health, and Other. The Pharmaceutical segment includes human health pharmaceutical and vaccine products. The Animal Health segment discovers, develops, manufactures, and markets animal health products, such as pharmaceutical and vaccine products, for the prevention, treatment and control of disease in livestock, and companion animal species. The Other segment consists of sales for the non-reportable segments of healthcare services. The company was founded in 1891 and is headquartered in Kenilworth, NJ.

Topaz Investment AS is a private company headquartered in Norway that provides investment services.

Amgen Inc. (formerly Applied Molecular Genetics Inc.) is an American multinational biopharmaceutical company headquartered in Thousand Oaks, California. In 2018, the company's largest selling product lines were Neulasta, an immunostimulator used to prevent infections in patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy and Enbrel, a tumor necrosis factor blocker used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases. Other products include Epogen, Aranesp, Sensipar/Mimpara, Nplate, Vectibix, Prolia and XGEVA.

The Institute Pasteur is a private, non-profit foundation. Its mission is to help prevent and treat diseases, mainly those of infectious origin, through research, teaching, and public health initiatives.The Institut Pasteur is a research center of international renown ideally located in the very heart of Paris. Each year the institute hosts a multitude of scientific and medical conferences and meetings as well as events on a variety of themes.

Ethicon, Inc. is a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson. It was incorporated as a separate company under the Johnson & Johnson umbrella in 1949 to expand and diversify the Johnson & Johnson product line. Ethicon has manufactured surgical sutures and wound closure devices since 1887. After World War II, Ethicon's market share in surgical sutures rose from 15% to 70% worldwide. In the United States, the market share is approximately 80%.

Tissuemed LTD is a UK-based medical technology company that develops tissue-based therapeutic devices like the first tissue heart valve to gain regulatory approval in Europe. The company also specializes in bioadhesives, adhesive films to prevent air, blood and fluid leaks encountered in surgery. The company has a reputation for innovation dating back over twenty years. Following divestiture of the heart valve business in 1999, Tissuemed focused its considerable scientific expertise on the development of surgical sealants. Five years of research and development yielded the TissuePatch™ product family, which is now at the core of the company’s activities. These unique surgical films have been designed specifically to help surgeons to effectively seal tissues against leakage air, blood and other fluids, including Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF).

The American Red Cross (ARC), also known as the American National Red Cross, is a humanitarian organization that provides emergency assistance, disaster relief, and education inside the United States. It is the designated U.S. affiliate of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. It is the largest single supplier of blood and blood products in the United States, collecting and processing approximately 40 percent of the blood supply and distributing it to about 2,600 hospitals and transfusion centers nationwide. The organization researches and tests to protect the safety of the blood supply. It was among the first to develop and implement testing for many infectious diseases including, HIV, hepatitis B and C viruses, West Nile virus, and Chagas disease. The ARC operates the nationwide hemovigilance program to examine donor and patient adverse reactions. Data from the program is used to enhance blood product quality and safety The ARC serves on key committees of AABB and other blood-related organizations, and works closely with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The American Red Cross was established in 1881 and is headquartered in Washington, District of Columbia with 39 immunohematology reference laboratories nationwide.

NVH Medicinal is a biotechnology company based on the treatment of pathologies linked to a collagen deficiency. It develops products derived from collagen, the most abundant protein in the body and whose dysfunctions cause many diseases (aging, cardiovascular, inflammatory, neurological, fibrosis, cancer and rare diseases).

Angiotech BioMaterials Corp. develops tissue repair and regeneration technology. The company was founded by David J. Foster in June 1997 and is headquartered in Palo Alto, CA.

The pharmaceutical start-up company located in Erlangen/Regensburg researches and develops steroidal medicines for breast cancer and benign enlargement of the prostate gland. Curadis GmbH was founded in 2008 in Erlangen and has S-Refit AG of Regensburg as one of its investors. The company is developing a novel substance for breast cancer and a substance for prostate cancer.